Method of treating twisted filamentary materials



May 27, 1947. T H. B. KLINE EI'AL METHOD OF TREATING TWISTED FILAMENTARY MATERIALS Original Filed Ap ril. 26, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet l I-Ilgh Frequency Power High Fre uepc ATTORNEY May27, 1947. H. B. KLINE ETAL. 2,421,336

METHOD OF TREATING TWISTED FILAMENTARY MATERIALS Original Filed April 26, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Hi3 1-: Frequency Power ATTbRNEY y :27, 1947- I H. B. KLINE' ETAL 2,421,336

METHOD OF TREATING TWISTED FILAMENTARY MATERIALS 3 Sheeis-Sheet 3 Original Filed April 26, 1944 Fr equcnpy v Po wer Patented May 21, 1947 2,421,336

, UNITED s'rA'ras PATENT orries METHOD OF TREATING TWISTED WARY-MATMS Hayden B. Kline and Alden H. Burkholder, Cleveland, Ohio, assignors to Industrial Rayon Corizration, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation oi laware Original application April 26, 1944, Serial No.

17 (llaims. E

This invention relates to nonmetallic twistedfilamentary materials, and it provides a new process by which the livellness of such twisted materials may be readily reduced. The inven-' length of the twisted yam. The loop of material between the two ends will twist upon itself to a greater or less extent depending upon the degree of livellness of the material. The livellness of the twisted yarn also manifests itself by a tend- Divided and this application May 22,

ency of the yarn to form loops or kinks. Such loops or kinks are particularly objectionable when the twisted yarn is being unwound from the supply package on which it was collected in the tion also provides a, new apparatus by which this 5 course of the twisting operation. The livellness process may be advantageously performed. of the yarn may also interfere with the smooth This application is a division of our co-pending running of the yarn through various guides and application Serial No. 532,740, filed April 26, 1944. other parts of the textile machinery used in form- The apparatus of this invention is covered in ing finished cloth or cord products from the divisional application Serial No. 697,392, flied on twisted yarn. September 16, 1946. In order to reduce the livellness of the twisted The term twisted filamentary materials." as yarn or, as it is sometimes referred to, to set the used throughout this specification, is intended to twist," it has been common practice to treat the embrace twisted threads or thread-like materials. twisted yarn with steam. The twisted yarn whether made by twisting one or more monowound in package form'is placed-inn steam box filaments or by twisting threads or yarns made and subjectedto ethemction of steam until the up of a plurality of individual filaments or staple twist has been su'mcientlv set. Another method fibers, or by twisting narrow bands or ribbons, which has been used involves subjecting the pacinetc. The term twisting is intended to include age of lively twisted yam to a vacuum and then su tw st n ope tions a or examp e. p yin introducing steam. Still another method which cabling and the like. has been proposed is the use of a circulating cur- In order to make the strength of filamentary rent of humidified heated air which passes around materials, such as textile threads or yarns more packages of the twisted yarn. All of these methuniform, it is common practice to twist the texods are generally conducted by a batch procedure tile yarn in substantially air dry form a. desired and may require one or several hours to accomnumber of turns per unit length. The resulting plish the desired twist-setting. In addition, the twisted yarn not only has more uniform strength yarn packages treated by these methods generally characteristics than the untwisted product, but contain no more than about one-pound of yarn. also has a greater degree of resilience depending Even with such small packages, however, nonupon the amount of twisting to which it has been uniform reduction of livellness of the twisted subjected. products occurs due to nonuniform penetration For some purposes, textile yarns are given very oi. the wound packages by the steam or other substantial amounts of twist; thus, for example, s ecus treatin medium or by suldcondensate in producing yarn or thread to be used in mamng' formed during t e treatment crepe fabrics, a relatively high degree of twist is In accordance wi h the P s 1 t is nv nused. Similarly, in making hosiery or. other tion, the livellness of substantially air-dry twisted products where resiliency is desired, a substantial nonmetallic filamentary materials is reduced by amount of twist is imparted to the thread. Texheating wound packages of such materials dielectile products which are used as reinforcing matetrically in a high frequency l r l fl By rials in the production. for example, of mechani- 40 this, process, it is possible to reduce the livellness cal rubber goods such as tires, belts, and the like of such materials in a matter of minutes as comare also usually subjected to a plurality of twistp red with the much longer periods of time re ing operations in. forming the cord or other texquired by the methods. described above. No tile product used as the reinforcing material. steaming or humidifying apparatus is required in The resulting twisted textile products have a pract the new p ocess- T e p oce s m y e tendency to untwist themselves to release the p rformed as a batch oper n. b it is D n ll strains imparted by the twisting operation. This larly a ap to being p med n ont u s tendency is sometimes referred to as livellness of f shi nthe yarn or thread. This livellness may be ob- The new process is of particular advantagein served by bringing together the ends of a, short treating twisted nonmetallic filamentary materials in the form of a wound package. The wound package may be much larger than those generally used in :the twist-setting methods employed heretofore, and may, for example, contain as much asten to twenty or more pounds of yarn.

The twist of the yarn will be setin a remarkably.

uniform manner even when such relatively large yarn packages are used. The possibility of treatare, in turn, connected to the source of high frequency power illustrated diagrammatically at 20.

ing large packages of lively twisted yarn by the process of this invention results inconsiderable economies in handling the twisted material. Thus, forexample, instead of handling ten spools or bobbins containing about one pound of yarn each, it is only necessary to handle one spool con- 1 taining about ten pounds of yarn.

The wound yam packages which are to be heated dielectrically in accordance with this invention may be in the form of a self-sustaining package, or in the form ofa package wound upon a suitable supporting core such as, for example, a cone or'spool. When using a core-wound package, the core should be made of a suitable nonmetallicmaterial such as, for example, paper or wood. Sometimes, it is also desirable to wrap the package of lively twisted yarn in a sheet of relatively low porosity nonmetallic material, e. g., paper, and subject it to dielectric high frequency heating in this form. v

The new app ratus'by which the process of this invention may be advantageously performed includes, in general, a pair of spaced electrodes connected to a source of high frequency power and means for passing the nonmetallic material into the electrical field between the electrodes. More specifically, the apparatus also embraces an endless conveyor adapted to pass the material to be treated between the electrodes. The apparatus also may include means for holding packages of twisted materials and conveying them between the electrodes in order to subject them to the action of the high frequency electrical field.

The inventionwill be more fully described by reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 shows an apparatus for treating a ingle package of twistedyarn;

Figure 2 shows an apparatus for passing packages of twisted yarn continuously through a high frequency field between two horizontal electrodes;

Figure 3 is a-section through Figure 2 along the line 33 looking in the direction of, the arrows; p

Figure 4 illustrates the manner. in which a plurality of small packages of twisted yarn may be subjected to a high frequency field by using the apparatus of Figures 2 and 3;

Figure 5 shows an apparatus by which packages of twisted yarn may be subjected intermittently to the action of a high frequency field, the packages being rotated in progressing from one pair of electrodes to another;

Figure 6 is a plan view of the apparatus of Figure 5;

1 Figure 7 is a section along lines 'I-I ofv Figure 5 looking in the direction of the arrow;

Figure 8 is a fragmentary view of the endless chain and associated parts used to advance the yarn packages through the apparatus illustrated by Figures 5 to '1, inclusive;

Figure 9 shows an apparatus in which rotating yarn packages are continuously passed through a high frequency field formed between two vertical electrodes;

Figure 10 is a plan view of the apparatus of Figure 9; and

Figure 11 is a section along the line llll of Figure 9looking in the direction of the arrows.

Referring more particularly to Figure l, a cone of. lively twisted yarn l5 which has been wound upon a nonmetallic core I6 is placed between the horizontally disposed electrodes 18 and I9 which The lower electrode I9 is mounted upon insulators 2i secured to the base member 22 by suitable means. The upper electrode I8 is secured to an insulator 24 which, in turn. is suitably mounted on the arm 26 of the frame member 21. The cone of yarn ls is removed from the high froquency field between the electrodes I8 and i9 when the livelincss of the twisted yarnhas been suihciently reduced.

The apparatus illustrated by Figures 2 and 3 includes a table-like supporting structure 30 having a top 3|. Belt-supporting cylinders 33 are joumaled in the brackets 35 which are suitably mounted on the top 3|. An endless nonmetallic belt 31 is positioned around the belt-supporting cylinders 33 and may be continuously rotated around these cylinders by means of the gear and chain drive 39 connected with the motor 40. Adjacent to'each ofthe belt-supporting cylinders 33, the endless belt passes over supporting plates or receiving and discharge aprons which are secured to the top 3| by means of brackets 41. Near the center of the apparatus, the endless belt 31 is supported by horizontally disposed electrode 48 which is mounted by means of insulators 49 and the U-shaped base member 50 on the top 3|. An upper horizontally disposed electrode 52 is secured to arm 54 (Figure 3) by means of insulators 55, the arm 54 being secured at 56 to the base member 50. Theelectrodes 48 and 52 are connected to a source of high frequency power indicated diagrammatically at 51.

In using the apparatus of Figures 2 and 3, packages of twisted yarn 58 are placed by the operator on the moving belt 31 and are then conducted through the high frequency field between the electrodes 48 and 52. The treated yarn package, after emerging from between the electrodes,

is thereafter removed by the operator. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a plurality of yarn packages may be simultaneously passed through the high frequency field. If desired, the yarn package may be wrapped in a relatively low porosity nonmetallic material before being subjected to the high frequency field. Such a wrapped yarn package is illustrated, for example, by package 58A of Figure 3.

Ha pluralit of relatively small packages of I twisted yarn is to be treated, it is advantageous to place these yarn packages in a container made of a nonmetallic material as illustrated, for example, in Figure 4. The entire container 59 with the yarn packages ill enclosed therein is then placed on an apparatus such as is illustrated by Figures 2 and 3, and subjected to the action of the'high frequency field.

It is sometimes desirable to subject the yarn packages intermittently to the action of a high frequency field. When this is the case, an apparatus such as that illustrated by Figures 5 to 8, inclusive, may be used with advantage. The apparatus there shown includes a frame structure having vertical members 52, and horizontal members 63. Pairs of sprockets G6 and 6'! are journaled in the bearings 68 which are mounted on the vertical members 62 at each end of the frame structure. The sprockets 5G and 61 are provided with notched members 10 which are adapted to engage and support the rollers 12 of an endless chain 13 which travels around the sprockets 65 and 61. The chain itself is composed of a plurality of base plates 15 which are joined together by links 16.

The chain rollers I2 are supported by means of U-shaped channel members 90 which are mount- I3 is moved by the sprockets 66 and 61, the

spindles 11 mounted on the base plates I5, are caused to rotate by the engagement of toothed portions of the segment gears 82 with the racks 85. To insure proper engagement of the racks and the gears, projecting lugs 86 are made to engage pins 88 mounted just ahead of each rack. This arrangement will cause the lugs 86, upon striking the pins 88, to commence rotation of the segment gears 82.

The endless chain I3 is actuated by means of the pawl 92 and ratchet 93 which is in driving engagement with the sprocket 51. The pawl is actuated by means of bell crank 94 and the connecting rod 95 which is mounted on the crank arm 96. The latter is driven from a suitable source of power (not shown) which rotates the chain and sprocket drive 91.

The electrodes between whichthe high frequeney fields are generated are each made up of three curved portions I03A, I03B, and I030 and I04A, I04B, and I040, all of which are joined together by means of the bus bars '99 and I00. The

bus bars are suitably mounted on insulators IOI and are connected through conductors I09 to a suitable source of high frequency power illustrated diagrammatically by .I I0. A- circuit.

breaker III which is actuated by means of the cam I I3 and cam follower I I4 interrupts the flow of high frequency current at desired intervals.

In using the apparatus illustrated by Figures 5 to 8 inclusive, the operator places a package of lively twisted yarn '5 on the spindle TI. The movement of the pawl 92 and ratchet 93 causes the endless chain I3 and the yarn package II5 mounted on the spindle supported by the chain to advance in an intermittent fashion. The amount'of the advance at each step is sufficient to cause the package to pass from between electrodes I03A and I04A to between electrodes I03B and I04B and, finally, to between electrodes I03C and IMO. When the yarn package is positioned between a pair of electrodes, it is subjected to the action .of the high frequencyfield which is maintained between them. When the yarn passes from position A to position 13, the cam H3 and I follower II4 serve to openthe circuit breaker III and thereby cut off the high frequency field. Additionally, in passing from position A to position B, the yarn package is caused to rotate because of theengagement of the segment gear 82 with the rack '85. In the apparatus shown, the yarn package is caused to rotate'approximately 120 in passing from position Ato Band another 120 in passing, fromB to C. This rotation is accomplished as-the yarn package moves from one position'tofthe' next so that the yarn is stationary 'when-iti's's'ubjected to the action of the high fre- "q ncy'field; The cam" II3*is'so designed that when the yarn-package hascompleted its movement from position A to B, or from B to C, the circuit breaker will be closed so that the high frequency field will then again be maintained between the electrodes. -After; a I sufilcient lapse of chain I33. The chain itself is composed of a se- I time'the circuit breaker will again be opened by.-

the cam and cam follower and the yarn package will then be advanced to the next position and,

at the same time, rotated approximately 120. Of course, it will be understood that segment gear- 82 and rack 85 can be constructed to give any desired degree of rotation between steps.

Figures 9 to .11 inclusive, show an apparatus in which rotating yarnpackages are continuously passed through a high frequency field between two flat vertical electrodes. The apparatus includes a frame structure comprising vertical members I20 and horizontal members I.2I. A pair of sprockets I22 and I23 are mounted on shafts I journaled in bearings I25 suitably mounted on the vertical members I20. The pairof sprockets I23 are driven by a suitable power source such as the motor and gear transmission unit vI2'I which engages the chain drive I28. Each of the sprockets I22 and I23 are provided with projecting portions I having a notch therein which is adapted to engage the rollers I32 of an endless ries of base plates I35 which are joined to one another by means of the links I38. Each base plate I35 is provided with a pedestal I3'I through which passes a spindle I40. The upper portion of the chain between the sprockets I22 and I23 is supported by means of the chain rollers I32 in the U-shaped channel member I42 which is suitably secured to the horiozntal members I2 I. The spindle I is suitably secured at its lower end to a spur gear I44 which engages a rack I45 running longitudinally of the apparatus. The electrodes I and I5I are mounted by means of insulators I52 on the vertical supports I53, the vert'ical supports being in turn secured to the horizontal members I2I. I

To shield the upper portion of the endless chain base plate I35 from the high frequency field between the electrodes I50 and I5I, it is desirable that the upper portion of the base plate I85, and particularly the pedestal I31, be made of an insulating material. The electrodes I50 and I5I are connected by means'of conductors I60 and I5I to the source of high frequency power indicated diagrammatically at I82. Conductor. I6I

insulating housing I63. 1 3

. In using the apparatus illustrated by Figures 9 to 11, inclusive, the operator places a bobbin of lively twisted yarn, or other nonmetallic filamentary material, on the spindle I40 of the apparatus. As the spindle is advanced through the apparatus by means of the forward motion of the endless chain 433, the spur gear I44 which is sev cured to the spindle is caused to rotate by engagement with the rack I45. The ,package mounted on the spindle will thus be caused to rotate continuously as it passes through the high frequency field between the electrodes I50 and The invention will be more fully described by reference to the following examples although it is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto. I

Eazample 1 Cones of substantially air dry viscose rayontire cord containing approximately 9 to 10% moisture are subjected to, dielectric heating in an apparatus such as that illustrated by Figures Zand 3." The tire cord is made by plying together with twelve turns of S-twist, two strands 'stantially completely set. I

-a package containing about 4.15 pounds of rayon tire cord. .This package, which is about 5.75 inches high and about 6.3 inches wide at its base, is wrapped in paper and thenplaced together with other similar packages on the moving belt 31, three packages being placed across the belt. The belt is made of cotton canvas.

The electrodes between which the wrapp d tire cord packages are passed areabout 28 inches wide and about 56 inches long. They are spaced apart a distance of about 7 /2 inches so that the cones of tire cord will pass readily between them. A current of approximatelmtwo amperes and hav--- ing a frequency of about 3.85 megacycles is passed between the electrodes thereby creating a high frequency electrical field between them. The endless belt moves forward at a. rate of approximately 6.5 inches per minute so that the cones of tirecord are subjected to the action of the high frequencyelectrical field for approximately eight minutes. They willrbe heated to a temperature 1 inches.

of about 135 to 150 F. The tire cord, after being subjected to this treatment, has its liveliness substantially reduced so that the twist Example ,2

Rayon tire cord of the same type as that referred to in Example 1 is wound on a paper'core to produce a cone containing about 18.5 pounds of tire cord. This cone 'is then wrapped in paper and passed through an apparatus such as that referred to in Example 1. To'a'ccommodate the cone, which is about 11 /2 inches high and about 10% inches wide at its base, the electrodes are spaced about 12 /2 inches apart. The cone packages are placed across the belt two abreast. The

current and its frequency are the sameas in will be sub-- Example 1, but the belt speed isreduced to about 3.75 inches per minute so that the large cones of- Example 3' V A four and one-half pound cone of rayon the cord such as is described in Example 1 is placed on one of the spindles 11 of an apparatus such as is illustrated by Figures 5 to 8, inclusive. Each of the curved electrodes are approximately 8% inches wide and about We inches high and their curvature conforms generally to that of the rayon cone. The electrodes are approximately 6% inches apart at the top where they are'nearest.

the sides of the cone. The electrodes are. in-

clined so that they are roughly parallel to the sides of the cone,- 7 p A current having a megacycles per second with a power input of about one kilowatt is passed between the electhe cord is frequency of about 7%- spools or 75 denier 3o filament Summary I air dry viscose rayon yarn which has been given trodes resulting in the creation .01. a high ire.-

quency field between them. The cones of yarn are Passed between these electrodes at a rate such that the period of time for which the cord is sub jected to the "action of the high frequency field between each pair of electrodes is approximately one and one-half minutes, making a total of about four and one-half minutes of treatment of the cord by the high frequency field. The twist of the cord will be substantially completely set;

Example 4 A spool of this tire cord is placed on one of the v spindles I40 of an apparatus such as is illustrated by Figures 9 to 11, inclusive. A current of about two amperes having a frequency of about 3.85

megacycles is applied between the electrodes which are advantageously about 56 inches long and, approximately 10 inches high. The electrodes are spaced apart a distance of about 7% The endless chain on which the spools are mounted travels at the rate of about 14.7 inches per minute so that the tire cord on the spools is subjected to the action of the high frequency field for a little less than four. minutes.

I The spool is advantageously rotated at least one complete revolution during its passage between the electrodes. r

The tire cord, after being subjected to the foregoing treatment, has its liveliness substantially reduced so that the cord may be readily used in Cones of substantially air dry nylon-cord containing about 2 to 3% moisture and made by imparting 10.7 turns of Z-twist to'2 strands of 272 filament840 denier thread having 14.6 turns of S-twist areheated to a temperature of about to F. in a high frequency field. The liveliness of the cord will be substantially reduced by this treatment. a

' Example 6 e I A 2200. denier single-ply substantially air dry viscose rayon tire cord which has been subjected to a twist of- Horus per inch is wound on a cone and heated in. a high frequency field to a temperature of about 150 F. The liveliness cord will be substantially reduced. V '1 Example 7 35 turns per inch of Z-twist are wrapped in oil paper and subjected to the action of a high frequency electrical field. The rayon is heated to a temperature of about 190 F. As .aresult of this treatment, the twist in the yarn is substantially completely set. r

. Example 8 Spools of 3-thread 'l3/l5 denier substantially air dry raw silk which has been given 35 turns per inch of Z-twist are wrapped in oil paper and subjected to the action of a high frequency electrical-field- The silk is heated to atemperature of about -l95 F. As a result of this treatment, the twist pletely set. p I Eramplei) Spools of 1/44 which hasbeen given 18 turns per inch of Z-twist are wrapped in. oil'paper and subjected to the of the in the yarn is substantially com-.

s. substantially air dry wool action of a high frequency electrical field.

wool is heated to a temperature of about 195 F. As a result of this treatment, the twist in the yarn is substantially completely set.

Although the foregoing examples have illustrated the application of the invention to various textile materials, it is to be understood that the process is not limited tothese specific materials. In general, the process may be used to reduce the liveliness of any twisted nonmetallic filamentary materials. These include such organic materials asthose of a cellulosic nature, or those of the nitrogen-containing type, -or hydrocarbon polymers and their substitution products, or various others.

Among the cellulosic filamentary materials may be mentioned natural cellulosic yarns or threads made of cotton,-fiax, hemp, ramie, paper, and such artificial yarns or threads as those made of regenerated cellulose produced by the viscose or cuprammonium processes, as well as cellulose ethers and esters including an ester such as cellulose acetate.

The nitrogen-containing filamentary materials may include such natural yarns or threads as those produced fromsilk or wool; or artificial yarns or threads made from polymerized polyamides such as nylon, or protein-type yarns or fibers made, for example, from casein, soybean, peanuts, keratin, zein, alginic acid, etc.

Filamentary materials derived from hydrocarbon polymers and their substitution products may include polymers such as those derived from unsaturated hydrocarbons; for example, those formed by polymerizing an alkylene hydrocarbon such as ethylene, or by polymerizing substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbons containing vinyl, or vinylidene linkages such as, for example, the

vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate polymers and cpolymers, e. g., Vinyon, or vinylidene chloride nonmetallic filamentary materials by dielectric heating will, of course, vary considerably depending upon the particular results which are desired. Thus, for example, to completely set the twist of a lively material will require a longer period of treatment, other things being equal, than merely partially reducing the liveliness of the twisted material. For some operations, it may not be necessary to completely set the twist of the filamentary material.

In general, the conditions of treatment will also vary depending upon the nature of the material being treated. Sometimes, too, the nature of the finishing agent applied to the filamentary material prior to the twisting operation may also be afactor.

An indication of the amount of power dissipated as heat in the nonmetallic material when placed in the high frequency field between the electrodes is given by the following equation:

in which W is the energy dissipated in watts as heat in the nonmetallic material, E is the voltage across the electrodes, f is the frequency with The which the current supplied to the electrodes alternates, C is the capacitance of the condenser formed by the nonmetallic material being heated, and P. F. is the power factor of the material. It is evident that for a given material, the capacitance (I (which is dependent upon the dielectric constant of the material) and the power factor P. F. will be substantially constant within a.

,limited temperature range. It is also evident that eral, the higher the frequency selected, the lower will be the voltage required. Usually, it is desirable to keep the voltage low to prevent corona discharge or other objectionable electrical eflects.

If the power dissipated in the material is calculated and the specific heat of the material is known, it will be possible to calculate how much of a temperature rise will be produced by subjecting the material to a high frequency field under specified conditions. It is evident, of course, that the amount of heat generatedshould not be permitted to become so great as to adversely afiect the filamentary material itself. scorching of the material is manifestly undesirable. Similarly, with thermoplastic materials, the temperature should not be permitted to become so great that the physical properties of the filamentary material are adversely afiected. In general, however, the twist is set more efiectively' at higher temperatures than at lower ones.

Other things being equal, the amount of treatment required 'by a material having a high degree of liveliness, usually a material having a high degree of twist, will be greater than with a material having a relatively minor amount of liveliness, usually a material with a, low degree of twist.

The relatively low porosity nonconducting sheet material which may be used in wrapping the packages of filamentary material prior to subjecting them to the action of a high frequency electrical field may be merely the ordinary wrapping paper in which the materialis wrapped for shipment. It may include such nonmetallic materials as Cellophane, glassine, paper, including water-resistant paper such as wax paper, rubber hydrochloride products such a Pliofilm, Koroseal, etc.

As previously indicated, when Wound supported packages of filamentary material are subjected to the action oi the high frequency electrical field, the supporting core of the package should advantageously be made of a nonmetallic material such as, for example, paper, wood, fiber, or var ious synthetic resins or plastics such as the phenol-aldehyde, glyptal, polystyrene, polyvinyl, etc., resins or plastics. 'li'here'is, however, no objection to having some metal present in the supporting core provided, of course, it is suitably shielded or insulated so as not to adversely affect the action of the high frequency field on-the filamentary material wound on the core.

We claim:

1. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, artificial, organic, nitrogen-containing, filamentary material which comprises subjecting a wound package of accuses 11 said material to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

2. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, filamentary material comprising a polyamide polymer which comprises subjecting a wound package of said material to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

3. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, artificial, protein-type, filmentary which comprises subjecting a wound package of said material to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

4. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, artificial, protein-type, filamentary material derived from animal proteins which comprises subjecting a wound package of said material to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

5. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantiallyv air dry lively, twisted, artificial, protein-type, filamentary material derived from plant proteins which comprises subjecting a wound package of said material to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

6. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, nylon, filamentary material which comprises subjecting a wound package of said material to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

7. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, filamentary material derived from casein which comprises subjecting a wound package of said material to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

8. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, filamentary material derived from soybeans which comprises subjecting a wound package of said material to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

9. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, artificial, organic, nitrogen-containing, filamentary textile material which comprises subjecting a wound package of said material to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

10. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, nylon, filamentary textile material which comprises subjecting a wound package of said material to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

11. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, artificial, protein-type, filamentary textile material derived from animal proteins which comprises subjecting a wound package of said material to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

12. The method of reducing the liveiiness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, artificial, protein-type, filamentary textile materialderived from plant proteins which comprises subjecting a wound package of said material to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

13. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively. twisted, artificial, organic, nitrogen-containing, filamentary material which comprises subjecting a wound package of said material formed on anonmetaliic core to the action of a high frequency electrical field;

14. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, artificial. organic, nitrogen-containing, filamentary textile material which comprises enclosing a plurality of wound packages of said material in a relatively low porosity nonmetallic sheet-like material and thereafter subjecting the material in this form to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

15. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, artificial, or-

ganic, nitrogen-containing, filamentary material which comprises enclosing a wound package of said material in a relatively low porosity nonmetallic sheet-like material and thereafter subjecting thefilamentary material in this form to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

16. The method of reducing the liveliness of a substantially air dry lively, twistedgartificial, organic, nitrogen-containing, filamentary textile material which comprises enclosing a wound package of said material which has been formed on anonmetallic core in a relatively low porosity nonmetallic sheet-like material and thereafter subjecting the material in this form to the action of a high frequency field.

17. The method of reducing the livellness of a substantially air dry lively, twisted, nylon cord which comprises enclosing a wound package of said cord in a relatively low porosity n'onmetallic sheet-like material and then subjecting the cord in this form to the action of a high frequency electrical field.

' HAYDEN B. KLINE.

ALDEN H. BURKHOLDER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,295,593 Miles, Jr. Sept. 15, 1942 2,263,681 Hart, Jr Nov. 25, 1941 2,325,652 Bierwirth Aug. 3, 1943 1,815,027 Murch July 14, 1931 OTHER REFERENCES Textile World, Aug. 1944, pages 96, 97, 166. Thermex High Frequency Heating, 1942, pages 9-11, (The Girdler Corp).

Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,421,336. May 27, 1947.

HAYDEN B. KLINEET AL.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Column 11, line 11, claim 3, for filmentary read filamentary material; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Ofiice.

Signed and sealed this 12th day of August, A. D. 1947.;

LESLIE FRAZER,

First Assistant Commissioner of Patents. 

